Prolactin Receptor Expression and Prolactin-mediated Effects in Adipose Tissue
نویسنده
چکیده
............................................................................................................................. 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS......................................................................................................... 4 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS..................................................................................................... 6 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.................................................................................................. 7 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................... 9 Prolactin: the gene, variants and structure ............................................................................. 9 Prolactin synthesis, secretion and regulation ....................................................................... 10 The prolactin receptor .......................................................................................................... 10 Distribution and regulation of the prolactin receptor ........................................................... 13 Prolactin signal transduction ................................................................................................ 15 Suppressors of cytokine signalling, SOCS........................................................................... 16 Biological functions of prolactin.......................................................................................... 17 Hyperprolactinemia, prolactin and metabolism ................................................................... 18 Lipoprotein lipase................................................................................................................. 19 Lipid metabolism during lactation ....................................................................................... 20 Prolactin’s role in lipid metabolism during lactation ........................................................... 20 Prolactin transgenic mice ..................................................................................................... 22 Leptin ................................................................................................................................... 22 Resistin ................................................................................................................................. 22 AIMS OF THIS THESIS....................................................................................................... 24 METHODOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS .................................................................... 25 Subjects ................................................................................................................................ 25 Mice.................................................................................................................................. 25 Human .............................................................................................................................. 25 RNA detection...................................................................................................................... 26 Protein detection................................................................................................................... 27 Mouse adipocyte isolation and in vitro culture .................................................................... 27 Human adipose tissue in vitro culture .................................................................................. 28 Lipoprotein lipase activity in adipose tissue ........................................................................ 29 RESULTS AND COMMENTS ............................................................................................. 30 Prolactin receptor expression in adipose tissue.................................................................... 30 Adipose tissue prolactin receptor regulation ........................................................................ 30 Direct effects of prolactin on mouse adipocytes .................................................................. 32 SOCS expression in adipose tissue in vivo........................................................................... 32 Adipose tissue size, leptin and resistin in PRL-transgenic mice.......................................... 33 LPL activity and resistin in human adipose tissue ............................................................... 34 GENERAL DISCUSSION..................................................................................................... 35 PRLRs in white adipose tissue ............................................................................................. 35 Hormonal and physiological regulation of PRLRs .............................................................. 35 Functional PRLRs in white adipose tissue........................................................................... 36
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